Log In
2024 Detroit Invitational Cyclocross • Sep 21 2024 • Detroit, MI
4.9
1.1
4.2
4.3
4.8
Is there a Strava segment for this course? Paste the url here:
Categories
» Men ELITE » Men GENDER EXPANSIVE CAT Open OPEN TO
» Men JUNIOR BOYS - 1518 » Men JUNIOR BOYS - 914
» Men MASTERS 45+ » Men MASTERS 55+
» Men MASTERS 65+ » Men NOVICE
» Men SINGLESPEED » Men SPORT
» Women ELITE » Women JUNIOR GIRLS - 1518
» Women JUNIOR GIRLS - 914 » Women NOVICE
» Women SINGLESPEED » Women SPORT
Race Pictures
Know where to find pictures from this race? Share the love by adding a Photo Url:
Note: sharing private Facebook albums is not exactly "da love." Remember to make it public!
 
Race RatingCast Vote
4.9
Beers
1.1
Moisture
4.2
Accel
4.3
Tech
4.8
Elevation
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Men ELITE

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4 Lap 5 Lap 6 Lap 7 Lap 8
1 Frederick Junge BROOM WAGON WORKS 00:50:54.419 00:06:06.934 00:06:15.604 00:06:19.040 00:06:23.799 00:06:30.414 00:06:34.972 00:06:34.205 00:06:09.451
2 Michael Mihalik MARGIEBARS/ JMAC CYCLING 00:50:59.332 00:06:13.807 00:06:15.330 00:06:17.179 00:06:19.311 00:06:29.713 00:06:34.325 00:06:34.678 00:06:14.989
3 Nicholas Stanko ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:52:57.609 00:06:18.475 00:06:27.019 00:06:33.771 00:06:38.359 00:06:44.535 00:06:45.355 00:06:42.597 00:06:47.498
4 Christopher Bogedin TWO WHEEL CRUISE 00:53:14.893 00:06:30.155 00:06:28.919 00:06:40.738 00:06:41.808 00:06:45.285 00:06:41.449 00:06:42.284 00:06:44.255
5 Matt Zandee WOLVERINE SPORTS CLUB 00:54:41.332 00:06:31.903 00:06:34.214 00:06:46.985 00:06:48.609 00:06:49.559 00:06:57.945 00:07:08.581 00:07:03.536
6 Earl Hillaker TITAN/SPIN ZONE 00:56:53.811 00:06:54.229 00:06:48.826 00:06:55.689 00:07:03.120 00:07:13.535 00:07:12.764 00:07:25.478 00:07:20.170
7 Braden Tall ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:57:01.159 00:06:40.183 00:07:18.565 00:07:07.815 00:07:06.808 00:07:20.029 00:07:19.535 00:07:13.758 00:06:54.466
8 Jeff Weinert TREK | GREAT LAKES COLLECTIVE 00:57:01.497 00:06:57.208 00:06:52.125 00:06:59.660 00:07:10.955 00:07:09.261 00:07:19.665 00:07:36.955 00:06:55.668
9 Dan Merian 00:58:08.822 00:06:59.215 00:07:00.479 00:07:13.711 00:07:17.210 00:07:18.153 00:07:26.430 00:07:18.852 00:07:34.772
10 William Guilbert ANN ARBOR VELO 00:51:27.021 00:07:41.175 00:07:14.607 00:07:12.654 00:07:17.315 00:07:24.204 00:07:18.918 00:07:18.148
11 Daniel Laguna chavez WOLVERINE SPORTS CLUB 00:51:31.612 00:07:01.999 00:07:21.595 00:07:17.681 00:07:36.501 00:07:32.480 00:07:18.978 00:07:22.378
12 Nick Beard SMOOVE RACING P/B CHEBOYGAN BREWING 00:52:32.217 00:07:21.744 00:07:25.066 00:07:29.000 00:07:19.474 00:07:36.870 00:07:39.539 00:07:40.524
13 Christopher Roper RACING GREYHOUNDS 00:52:58.424 00:07:11.506 00:07:11.242 00:07:43.186 00:07:35.391 00:07:42.025 00:07:33.644 00:08:01.430
14 Matt Stevens NORMAL RACING 00:54:30.002 00:06:53.954 00:07:25.607 00:07:48.702 00:08:06.172 00:08:07.967 00:08:01.529 00:08:06.071
Finishers: Cat 1: 3   Cat 2: 2   Cat 3: 5   Cat 4: 3   Cat ?: 1  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Men GENDER EXPANSIVE CAT Open OPEN TO

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4 Lap 5
1 David Grant RACING GREYHOUNDS 00:38:19.955
2 Tyler Wayne 00:35:01.225 00:08:10.666 00:08:52.326 00:09:09.553 00:08:48.680
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Men JUNIOR BOYS - 1518

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4 Lap 5
1 Donald Smith ATHLETIC MENTORS 00:38:55.257 00:07:06.095 00:08:33.131 00:07:25.129 00:07:37.460 00:08:13.442
2 Ansel De jong ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:39:28.751 00:07:34.434 00:07:35.168 00:08:01.564 00:08:17.521 00:08:00.064
Finishers: Cat 3: 1   Cat 4: 1  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Men JUNIOR BOYS - 914

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4
1 Tadej Katanski-o'brien AAVC 00:32:46.719 00:07:54.079 00:07:56.544 00:08:19.615 00:08:36.481
2 Miro Bellows ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:26:59.747 00:09:20.586 00:08:42.805 00:08:56.356
3 Ivan Melow ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:28:02.554 00:09:18.118 00:08:58.419 00:09:46.017
4 Charles Schoenherr ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:33:23.239 00:10:12.656 00:11:31.352 00:11:39.231
5 Kaiden Merian 00:34:49.638 00:11:03.552 00:11:19.638 00:12:26.448
6 Dominic Schoenherr ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:25:59.434 00:11:17.614 00:14:41.820
Finishers: Cat 5: 5   Cat ?: 1  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Men MASTERS 45+

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4 Lap 5 Lap 6 Lap 7 Lap 8
1 Ryan Mathews TEAM PETRI BIKES /TREK 00:54:51.257 00:06:42.785 00:06:47.019 00:06:51.683 00:06:50.459 00:06:49.686 00:06:59.319 00:07:03.465 00:06:46.841
2 Simon Bailey WHEELS IN MOTION 00:55:32.224 00:06:42.569 00:06:46.216 00:06:52.354 00:06:44.099 00:06:56.209 00:06:59.238 00:07:03.731 00:07:27.808
3 Jeremy Daum 00:57:57.622 00:07:24.438 00:06:56.412 00:07:04.959 00:07:05.295 00:07:02.865 00:07:30.316 00:07:18.108 00:07:35.229
4 Scott Goocher 00:53:45.629 00:07:36.176 00:08:04.678 00:07:49.473 00:07:30.205 00:07:39.182 00:07:31.059 00:07:34.856
5 Anthony Bruley CADIEUX BICYCLE CLUB 00:56:06.371 00:07:41.069 00:07:39.388 00:07:52.525 00:08:03.882 00:08:13.636 00:08:09.635 00:08:26.236
6 Jon Miller ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:53:56.739 00:08:04.318 00:08:56.449 00:08:51.776 00:09:09.148 00:09:23.805 00:09:31.243
Finishers: Cat 2: 1   Cat 3: 4   Cat 5: 1  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Men MASTERS 55+

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4 Lap 5
1 Bill Sloney MITTEN VELO/COLD STONE 00:36:43.923 00:07:09.741 00:07:10.352 00:07:16.623 00:07:32.627 00:07:34.580
2 Jeffery Hill 00:41:14.893 00:07:48.727 00:08:04.721 00:08:23.877 00:08:26.006 00:08:31.562
3 Timothy Fargo WOLVERINE SPORTS CLUB 00:41:14.954 00:07:58.619 00:07:58.238 00:08:23.367 00:08:40.312 00:08:14.418
4 Allen Duncan ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:35:28.543 00:08:01.275 00:08:12.083 00:09:28.909 00:09:46.276
5 David Clifton MORNING CRANKS 00:35:50.844 00:08:27.792 00:09:03.566 00:09:22.981 00:08:56.505
6 Ron Stack GODSPEED BICYCLES 00:14:16.731 00:07:08.740 00:07:07.991
Finishers: Cat 2: 1   Cat 3: 3   Cat 4: 2  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Men MASTERS 65+

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4
1 Craig North BROOM WAGON WORKS 00:33:41.944 00:08:04.699 00:08:16.662 00:08:37.042 00:08:43.541
2 Daniel Hoffman ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:38:30.137 00:08:33.150 00:08:49.160 00:10:11.356 00:10:56.471
Finishers: Cat 4: 2  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Men NOVICE

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4
1 Corey Schoenherr ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:29:22.728 00:07:04.796 00:07:15.441 00:07:21.703 00:07:40.788
2 Cameron Goins DOWNRIVER CYCLING CLUB 00:29:49.730 00:07:20.428 00:07:24.521 00:07:40.004 00:07:24.777
3 Albert Carter 00:31:18.219 00:07:38.250 00:07:35.216 00:08:07.995 00:07:56.758
4 Sean Lowry CADIEUX BICYCLE CLUB 00:31:47.099 00:07:30.224 00:08:02.816 00:08:01.964 00:08:12.095
5 Jason Bass 00:32:23.916 00:07:28.466 00:07:49.623 00:08:31.364 00:08:34.463
6 Scott Benson 313 CYCLONES 00:27:36.560 00:09:12.338 00:09:23.743 00:09:00.479
7 Marvin Lee 00:27:44.881 00:08:49.452 00:09:36.072 00:09:19.357
8 Jonathan Luntz 00:35:25.396 00:09:53.388 00:12:01.896 00:13:30.112
9 Jacob Dykema WHITE PINE CYCLE SERVICE/ANN ARBOR 00:15:05.471 00:07:18.417 00:07:47.054
DNF Robert Heckler HUMANGO 00:18:41.857 00:07:54.670 00:10:47.187
DNF Jason Stotte 00:10:35.698 00:10:35.698
Finishers: Cat 3: 1   Cat 4: 1   Cat 5: 7   Cat ?: 2  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Men SINGLESPEED

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4 Lap 5
1 Nicholas Stanko ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:34:04.796 00:06:38.531 00:06:42.869 00:06:53.014 00:06:48.319 00:07:02.063
2 Christopher Bogedin TWO WHEEL CRUISE 00:34:18.889 00:06:45.905 00:06:42.704 00:06:46.691 00:06:56.480 00:07:07.109
3 Ryan Mathews TEAM PETRI BIKES /TREK 00:34:46.373 00:06:39.507 00:07:00.119 00:07:02.603 00:07:04.063 00:07:00.081
4 Earl Hillaker TITAN/SPIN ZONE 00:35:19.805 00:06:50.940 00:06:58.186 00:07:04.822 00:07:07.551 00:07:18.306
5 Jeffrey Squires 00:35:39.266 00:06:46.681 00:06:55.422 00:07:11.430 00:07:12.227 00:07:33.506
6 Dan Merian 00:37:55.022 00:07:34.544 00:07:17.475 00:07:29.755 00:07:42.202 00:07:51.046
7 Sawyer Cousineau 00:38:27.122 00:08:05.492 00:07:34.192 00:07:30.680 00:07:29.264 00:07:47.494
8 Raymond Auger INDEPENDENT 00:39:29.674 00:07:42.692 00:07:35.214 00:07:50.423 00:08:09.369 00:08:11.976
9 Paul Mckeighan 00:41:49.340 00:07:40.710 00:07:56.245 00:08:17.150 00:08:51.852 00:09:03.383
10 Drew Melow ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:37:19.591 00:08:39.022 00:09:14.993 00:09:26.791 00:09:58.785
Finishers: Cat 2: 2   Cat 3: 3   Cat 4: 1   Cat 5: 1   Cat ?: 3  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Men SPORT

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4 Lap 5
1 Bronson Patychuk 00:35:57.389 00:06:50.612 00:07:05.394 00:07:14.506 00:07:22.995 00:07:23.882
2 Paul Mckeighan 00:36:49.008 00:07:01.686 00:07:25.365 00:07:32.801 00:07:25.817 00:07:23.339
3 Jeffrey Squires 00:36:54.917 00:07:02.936 00:06:58.779 00:07:12.097 00:07:30.857 00:08:10.248
4 Alex Gonzalez EVO RACING 00:36:58.354 00:07:18.991 00:07:17.307 00:07:24.738 00:07:26.488 00:07:30.830
5 Jason Cotter MITTEN VELO/COLD STONE 00:37:08.374 00:07:22.028 00:07:15.898 00:07:20.502 00:07:32.007 00:07:37.939
6 Todd Freidinger NORTH COUNTRY CYCLE SPORT 00:37:15.205 00:07:12.165 00:07:20.899 00:07:26.016 00:07:35.319 00:07:40.806
7 Timothy Maley UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 00:37:19.703 00:07:07.502 00:07:26.876 00:07:36.595 00:07:44.392 00:07:24.338
8 Matthew Becker MITTEN VELO/COLD STONE 00:37:40.276 00:07:41.902 00:07:21.549 00:07:31.023 00:07:31.311 00:07:34.491
9 Marten Mann ATTACK RACING 00:38:05.667 00:07:20.408 00:07:43.527 00:07:41.767 00:07:35.193 00:07:44.772
10 Ryan Christensen 00:38:17.275 00:07:47.340 00:07:31.845 00:07:35.378 00:07:35.213 00:07:47.499
11 Sawyer Cousineau 00:38:58.214 00:08:07.467 00:07:48.745 00:07:32.401 00:07:58.270 00:07:31.331
12 Corey Atchison QWIK FIX 00:39:18.889 00:07:19.887 00:07:33.490 00:07:51.589 00:08:14.701 00:08:19.222
13 Brent Gubatan SIC TRANSIT CYCLES 00:39:31.397 00:07:52.483 00:07:43.924 00:08:03.724 00:07:59.513 00:07:51.753
14 Kevin Dittmer 00:39:40.154 00:08:02.308 00:07:45.540 00:07:59.385 00:08:02.627 00:07:50.294
15 Andrew Wisniewski RACING GREYHOUNDS 00:40:13.623 00:07:54.005 00:08:10.449 00:08:10.466 00:07:55.132 00:08:03.571
16 Edgardo Reyes WHEELS IN MOTION ELITE 00:40:53.445 00:07:47.898 00:07:59.592 00:08:26.674 00:08:30.279 00:08:09.002
17 Joe Furner ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:41:00.206 00:08:06.557 00:08:15.100 00:08:15.432 00:08:17.813 00:08:05.304
18 Robert Hundler 00:41:20.721 00:08:23.611 00:08:02.371 00:08:18.468 00:08:21.552 00:08:14.719
19 David Clifton MORNING CRANKS 00:41:41.793 00:08:16.384 00:08:17.247 00:08:31.760 00:08:25.703 00:08:10.699
20 Patrick Collins RACING GREYHOUNDS 00:42:08.682 00:08:11.247 00:08:38.633 00:08:16.489 00:08:28.728 00:08:33.585
21 Steven Ducomb RACING GREYHOUNDS 00:43:03.767 00:08:05.397 00:08:26.266 00:08:51.532 00:09:04.903 00:08:35.669
22 Paul Santini RBS CYCLING TEAM 00:43:49.343 00:08:22.962 00:08:45.895 00:08:53.712 00:08:59.250 00:08:47.524
23 Nick Annis 00:44:08.003 00:08:19.669 00:08:43.085 00:09:09.211 00:09:12.327 00:08:43.711
24 Edwin Ho WOLVERINE SPORTS CLUB 00:44:48.909 00:08:19.913 00:08:19.408 00:08:38.355 00:09:34.541 00:09:56.692
25 Levi Gaswint THE BIKE SHOP TEAM 00:30:43.102 00:07:32.288 00:07:38.540 00:07:55.150 00:07:37.124
26 Joe Ruemenapp SMOOVE RACING P/B CHEBOYGAN BREWING 00:35:51.708 00:08:03.503 00:08:42.485 00:10:14.940 00:08:50.780
27 Craig Dittmer RACING GREYHOUNDS 00:36:43.530 00:08:34.099 00:09:26.532 00:09:23.361 00:09:19.538
28 Andy Kem IM A LONER DOTTIE A REBEL 00:37:08.095 00:08:59.548 00:09:18.546 00:09:13.529 00:09:36.472
29 Anders Gustafson CADIEUX BIKE CLUB 00:37:52.661 00:08:59.903 00:09:18.415 00:09:23.576 00:10:10.767
30 Andrew Taylor CADIEUX BICYCLE CLUB 00:25:06.678 00:07:35.701 00:08:30.348 00:09:00.629
31 Doug Gatto MITTEN VELO/COLD STONE CLUB 00:38:32.306 00:12:52.153 00:12:35.621 00:13:04.532
Finishers: Cat 3: 11   Cat 4: 11   Cat 5: 6   Cat ?: 3  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Women ELITE

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4 Lap 5 Lap 6
1 Victoria Cane TEAM CLARK LOGIC 00:50:44.881 00:07:56.716 00:08:18.761 00:08:35.434 00:08:23.191 00:08:44.903 00:08:45.876
2 Karin Rand AAVC 00:51:25.555 00:08:07.379 00:08:26.323 00:08:32.413 00:08:26.055 00:08:53.897 00:08:59.488
Finishers: Cat 2: 1   Cat ?: 1  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Women JUNIOR GIRLS - 1518

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3
1 Kathryn Wolgast ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:41:40.233 00:10:57.387 00:14:53.017 00:15:49.829
2 Amalia De jong ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:46:37.070 00:15:11.414 00:18:39.682 00:12:45.974
Finishers: Cat 4: 1   Cat 5: 1  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Women JUNIOR GIRLS - 914

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3
1 Sylvia Schoenherr ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:40:41.726 00:12:41.676 00:13:27.804 00:14:32.246
Finishers: Cat 5: 1  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Women NOVICE

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3
1 Bree Melow ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:28:35.829 00:09:27.171 00:09:27.261 00:09:41.397
2 Robyn Cotting 00:30:03.414 00:10:12.688 00:09:40.287 00:10:10.439
3 Charlotte Collins RACING GREYHOUNDS 00:31:33.361 00:10:10.956 00:10:12.048 00:11:10.357
Finishers: Cat 5: 1   Cat ?: 2  
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Women SINGLESPEED

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4
1 Karin Rand AAVC 00:36:21.552 00:08:54.261 00:09:23.713 00:09:08.279 00:08:55.299
2 Jennifer Roper RACING GREYHOUNDS 00:41:14.771 00:09:59.281 00:09:58.895 00:10:23.904 00:10:52.691
Participant Breakdown
Prediction Postmortem
Show Points
Show Categories

Women SPORT

By Age: All | U20 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | Custom
By Category: All | Custom
Pl First NameLast NameTeamTime Lap 1 Lap 2 Lap 3 Lap 4
1 Jennifer Roper RACING GREYHOUNDS 00:36:30.724 00:08:47.702 00:09:04.671 00:09:00.230 00:09:38.121
2 Colleen Shovlin 00:36:42.123 00:09:12.312 00:09:14.688 00:08:54.542 00:09:20.581
3 Isabelle Salley ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:38:01.890 00:08:43.726 00:09:32.269 00:09:52.919 00:09:52.976
4 Marcy Hoopingarner ANN ARBOR VELO CLUB 00:41:18.704 00:09:27.323 00:10:43.562 00:10:36.299 00:10:31.520
5 Jenni Wolgast GREATER FLINT ATHLETIC CLUB 00:41:47.362 00:12:09.527 00:13:39.439 00:15:58.396
Finishers: Cat 4: 1   Cat 5: 1   Cat ?: 3  

crossresults.com is a division of athleteReg.com, the best event registration website in the world. If you like crossresults.com, you should use BikeReg.com.

Register with

© 2024 Outside Interactive, Inc.
Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | Manage Cookie Preferences